使用密封的 trait 和 case 物件以及 allValues-macro

這只是密封特徵變體的擴充套件，其中巨集在編譯時生成包含所有例項的集合。這很好地省略了開發人員可以向列舉新增值但又忘記將其新增到 allElements 集的缺點。

這種變體特別適合大型列舉。

import EnumerationMacros._

sealed trait WeekDay
object WeekDay {
  case object Mon extends WeekDay
  case object Tue extends WeekDay
  case object Wed extends WeekDay
  case object Thu extends WeekDay
  case object Fri extends WeekDay
  case object Sun extends WeekDay
  case object Sat extends WeekDay
  val allWeekDays: Set[WeekDay] = sealedInstancesOf[WeekDay]
}

為此，你需要這個巨集：

import scala.collection.immutable.TreeSet
import scala.language.experimental.macros
import scala.reflect.macros.blackbox

/**
A macro to produce a TreeSet of all instances of a sealed trait.
Based on Travis Brown's work:
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/13671734/iteration-over-a-sealed-trait-in-scala
CAREFUL: !!! MUST be used at END OF code block containing the instances !!!
*/
object EnumerationMacros {
  def sealedInstancesOf[A]: TreeSet[A] = macro sealedInstancesOf_impl[A]

  def sealedInstancesOf_impl[A: c.WeakTypeTag](c: blackbox.Context) = {
    import c.universe._

    val symbol = weakTypeOf[A].typeSymbol.asClass

    if  (!symbol.isClass || !symbol.isSealed)
      c.abort(c.enclosingPosition, "Can only enumerate values of a sealed trait or class.")
    else {

      val children = symbol.knownDirectSubclasses.toList

      if (!children.forall(_.isModuleClass)) c.abort(c.enclosingPosition, "All children must be objects.")
      else c.Expr[TreeSet[A]] {

        def sourceModuleRef(sym: Symbol) = Ident(sym.asInstanceOf[scala.reflect.internal.Symbols#Symbol
          ].sourceModule.asInstanceOf[Symbol]
        )

        Apply(
          Select(
            reify(TreeSet).tree,
            TermName("apply")
          ),
          children.map(sourceModuleRef(_))
        )
      }
    }
  }
}