需要登入時使用 rvest

我在報廢網頁時遇到的常見問題是如何輸入使用者 ID 和密碼登入網站。

在這個我建立的示例中，用於跟蹤我在此處釋出的堆疊溢位的答案。整體流程是登入，轉到網頁收集資訊，新增資料幀然後轉到下一頁。

library(rvest) 

#Address of the login webpage
login<-"https://stackoverflow.com/users/login?ssrc=head&returnurl=http%3a%2f%2fstackoverflow.com%2f"

#create a web session with the desired login address
pgsession<-html_session(login)
pgform<-html_form(pgsession)[[2]]  #in this case the submit is the 2nd form
filled_form<-set_values(pgform, email="*****", password="*****")
submit_form(pgsession, filled_form)

#pre allocate the final results dataframe.
results<-data.frame()  

#loop through all of the pages with the desired info
for (i in 1:5)
{
  #base address of the pages to extract information from
  url<-"http://stackoverflow.com/users/**********?tab=answers&sort=activity&page="
  url<-paste0(url, i)
  page<-jump_to(pgsession, url)

  #collect info on the question votes and question title
  summary<-html_nodes(page, "div .answer-summary")
  question<-matrix(html_text(html_nodes(summary, "div"), trim=TRUE), ncol=2, byrow = TRUE)

  #find date answered, hyperlink and whether it was accepted
  dateans<-html_node(summary, "span") %>% html_attr("title")
  hyperlink<-html_node(summary, "div a") %>% html_attr("href")
  accepted<-html_node(summary, "div") %>% html_attr("class")

  #create temp results then bind to final results 
  rtemp<-cbind(question, dateans, accepted, hyperlink)
  results<-rbind(results, rtemp)
}

#Dataframe Clean-up
names(results)<-c("Votes", "Answer", "Date", "Accepted", "HyperLink")
results$Votes<-as.integer(as.character(results$Votes))
results$Accepted<-ifelse(results$Accepted=="answer-votes default", 0, 1)

在這種情況下，迴圈僅限於 5 頁，這需要更改以適合你的應用程式。我用******替換了使用者特定的值，希望這將為你提供一些指導。