使用 validateattributes
函式 validateattributes 可用於根據一組規範驗證陣列
因此，它可用於驗證提供給函式的輸入。
在以下示例中，函式 test_validateattributes 需要三個輸入
function test_validateattributes(input_1,input_2,input_3)
輸入規範是：
-
array_1：
- class：double
- 大小：[3,2]
- 值：元素必須不是 NaN
-
CHAR_ARRAY：
- class：char
- value：字串不能為空
-
array_3
- class：double
- 大小：[5 1]
- 值：元素必須是真實的
要驗證三個輸入，可以使用以下語法呼叫函式 validateattributes：
validateattributes(A,classes,attributes,funcName,varName,argIndex)
哪裡：
A是被要求的陣列classes：是陣列的type（例如single，double，logical）attributes：是輸入陣列必須匹配的屬性（例如，[3,2], size用於指定陣列的大小，nonnan用於指定陣列不具有 NaN 值）funcName：是驗證發生的函式的名稱。此引數用於生成錯誤訊息（如果有）varName：是驗證中的陣列的名稱。此引數用於生成錯誤訊息（如果有）argIndex：是輸入列表中的 inpurt 陣列的位置。此引數用於生成錯誤訊息（如果有）
如果一個或多個輸入與規範不匹配，則會生成錯誤訊息。
如果有多個無效輸入，則在找到第一個不匹配時停止驗證。
這是 function test_validateattributes，其中已實現輸入驗證。
由於該函式需要三個輸入，因此使用 fnction nargin 首先檢查所提供的輸入數量。
function test_validateattributes(array_1,char_array_1,array_3)
%
% Check for the number of expected input: if the number of input is less
% than the require, the function exits with an error message
%
if(nargin ~= 3)
error('Error: TEST_VALIDATEATTRIBUTES requires 3 input, found %d',nargin)
end
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Definition of the expected characteristics of the first input %
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
% INPUT #1 name (only used in the generation of the error message)
%
input_1_name='array_1';
%
% INPUT #1 position (only used in the generation of the error message)
%
input_1_position=1;
%
% Expected CLASS of the first input MUST BE "double"
%
input_1_class={'double'};
%
% Expected ATTRIBUTES of the first input
% SIZE: MUST BE [3,2]
%
input_1_size_attribute='size';
input_1_size=[3,2];
%
% VALUE CHECK: the element MUST BE NOT NaN
%
input_1_value_type='nonnan';
%
% Build the INPUT 1 attributes
%
input_1_attributes={input_1_size_attribute,input_1_size, ...
input_1_value_type};
%
% CHECK THE VALIDITY OF THE FIRST INPUT
%
validateattributes(array_1, ...
input_1_class,input_1_attributes,'', ...
input_1_name,input_1_position);
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Definition of the expected characteristics of the second input %
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
% INPUT #1 name (only used in the generation of the error message)
%
input_2_name='char_array_1';
%
% INPUT #2 position (only used in the generation of the error message)
%
input_2_position=2;
%
% Expected CLASS of the first input MUST BE "string"
%
input_2_class={'char'};
%
% VALUE CHECK: the element must be not NaN
%
input_2_size_attribute='nonempty';
%
% Build the INPUT 2 attributes
%
input_2_attributes={input_2_size_attribute};
%
% CHECK THE VALIDITY OF THE SECOND INPUT
%
validateattributes(char_array_1, ...
input_2_class,input_2_attributes,'', ...
input_2_name,input_2_position);
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Definition of the expected characteristics of the third input %
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
% INPUT #3 name (only used in the generation of the error message)
%
input_3_name='array_3';
%
% INPUT #3 position (only used in the generation of the error message)
%
input_3_position=3;
%
% Expected CLASS of the first input MUST BE "double"
%
input_3_class={'double'};
%
% Expected ATTRIBUTES of the first input
% SIZE: must be [5]
input_3_size_attribute='size';
input_3_size=[5 1];
% VALUE CHECK: the elements must be real
input_3_value_type='real';
%
% Build the INPUT 3 attributes
%
input_3_attributes={input_3_size_attribute,input_3_size, ...
input_3_value_type};
%
% CHECK THE VALIDITY OF THE FIRST INPUT
%
validateattributes(array_3, ...
input_3_class,input_3_attributes,'', ...
input_3_name,input_3_position);
disp('All the three input are OK')
以下指令碼可用於測試驗證過程的實現。
它生成所需的三個輸入，並隨機地使它們無效。
%
% Generate the first input
%
n_rows=randi([2 3],1);
n_cols=2;
input_1=randi([20 30],n_rows,n_cols);
%
% Generate the second input
%
if(rand > 0.5)
input_2='This is a string';
else
input_2='';
end
%
% Generate the third input
%
input_3=acos(rand(5,1)*1.2);
%
% Call the test_validateattributes function with the above generated input
%
input_1
input_2
input_3
%
test_validateattributes(input_1,input_2,input_3)
這些是 validateattributes 函式檢測到的錯誤輸入的幾個示例：
輸入錯誤
input_1 =
23 22
26 28
input_2 =
''
input_3 =
0.0000 + 0.4455i
1.2420 + 0.0000i
0.4063 + 0.0000i
1.3424 + 0.0000i
1.2186 + 0.0000i
Error using test_validateattributes (line 44)
Expected input number 1, array_1, to be of size 3x2 when it is actually
size 2x2.
輸入錯誤
input_1 =
22 24
21 25
26 27
input_2 =
This is a string
input_3 =
1.1371 + 0.0000i
0.6528 + 0.0000i
1.0479 + 0.0000i
0.0000 + 0.1435i
0.0316 + 0.0000i
Error using test_validateattributes (line 109)
Expected input number 3, array_3, to be real.
有效輸入
input_1 =
20 25
25 28
24 23
input_2 =
This is a string
input_3 =
0.9696
1.5279
1.3581
0.5234
0.9665
All the three input are OK