堆疊

什麼是堆疊？

在 Java 中，Stacks 是物件的 LIFO（後進先出）資料結構。

堆疊 API

Java 包含具有以下方法的 Stack API

Stack()            //Creates an empty Stack
isEmpty()          //Is the Stack Empty?             Return Type: Boolean
push(Item item)    //push an item onto the stack
pop()              //removes item from top of stack  Return Type: Item
size()             //returns # of items in stack     Return Type: Int

例

import java.util.*;

public class StackExample {

   public static void main(String args[]) {
      Stack st = new Stack();
      System.out.println("stack: " + st);
      
      st.push(10);
      System.out.println("10 was pushed to the stack");
      System.out.println("stack: " + st);
      
      st.push(15);
      System.out.println("15 was pushed to the stack");
      System.out.println("stack: " + st);
      
      st.push(80);
      System.out.println("80 was pushed to the stack");
      System.out.println("stack: " + st);
      
      st.pop();
      System.out.println("80 was popped from the stack");
      System.out.println("stack: " + st);
      
      st.pop();
      System.out.println("15 was popped from the stack");
      System.out.println("stack: " + st);
      
      st.pop();
      System.out.println("10 was popped from the stack");
      System.out.println("stack: " + st);
      
     if(st.isEmpty())
      {
         System.out.println("empty stack");
      }
   }
}

返回：

stack: []
10 was pushed to the stack
stack: [10]
15 was pushed to the stack
stack: [10, 15]
80 was pushed to the stack
stack: [10, 15, 80]
80 was popped from the stack
stack: [10, 15]
15 was popped from the stack
stack: [10]
10 was popped from the stack
stack: []
empty stack