一個簡單的 TCP 回送伺服器

我們的 TCP 回送伺服器將是一個單獨的執行緒。這是一個簡單的開始。它只會以大寫的形式回顯你傳送的任何內容。

public class CAPECHOServer extends Thread{

    // This class implements server sockets. A server socket waits for requests to come 
    // in over the network only when it is allowed through the local firewall
    ServerSocket serverSocket;
    
    public CAPECHOServer(int port, int timeout){
        try {
            // Create a new Server on specified port.
            serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port);
            // SoTimeout is basiacally the socket timeout.
            // timeout is the time until socket timeout in milliseconds
            serverSocket.setSoTimeout(timeout);
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(CAPECHOServer.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        }
    }
    
    @Override
    public void run(){ 
        try {
            // We want the server to continuously accept connections
            while(!Thread.interrupted()){
                
            }
            // Close the server once done.
            serverSocket.close();
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(CAPECHOServer.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        }
    }
    
}

現在接受聯絡。讓我們更新 run 方法。

@Override
public void run(){ 
    while(!Thread.interrupted()){
        try {
            // Log with the port number and machine ip
            Logger.getLogger((this.getClass().getName())).log(Level.INFO, "Listening for Clients at {0} on {1}", new Object[]{serverSocket.getLocalPort(), InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostAddress()});
            Socket client = serverSocket.accept();  // Accept client conncetion
            // Now get DataInputStream and DataOutputStreams
            DataInputStream istream = new DataInputStream(client.getInputStream()); // From client's input stream
            DataOutputStream ostream = new DataOutputStream(client.getOutputStream());
            // Important Note
            /*
                The server's input is the client's output
                The client's input is the server's output
            */
            // Send a welcome message
            ostream.writeUTF("Welcome!");
            
            // Close the connection
            istream.close();
            ostream.close();
            client.close();
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(CAPECHOServer.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        }
    }
    
    // Close the server once done
    
    try {
        serverSocket.close();
    } catch (IOException ex) {
        Logger.getLogger(CAPECHOServer.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
    }
}

現在，如果你可以開啟 telnet 並嘗試連線，你將看到歡迎訊息。

你必須連線指定的埠和 IP 地址。

你應該看到與此類似的結果：

Welcome!

Connection to host lost.

好吧，連線丟失了，因為我們終止了它。有時我們必須編寫自己的 TCP 客戶端。在這種情況下，我們需要客戶端請求來自使用者的輸入並通過網路傳送，接收大寫輸入。

如果伺服器首先傳送資料，則客戶端必須首先讀取資料。

public class CAPECHOClient extends Thread{

Socket server;
Scanner key; // Scanner for input

    public CAPECHOClient(String ip, int port){
        try {
            server = new Socket(ip, port);
            key = new Scanner(System.in);
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(CAPECHOClient.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        }
    }
    
    @Override
    public void run(){
        DataInputStream istream = null;
        DataOutputStream ostream = null;
        try {
            istream = new DataInputStream(server.getInputStream()); // Familiar lines
            ostream = new DataOutputStream(server.getOutputStream());
            System.out.println(istream.readUTF());  // Print what the server sends
            System.out.print(">");
            String tosend = key.nextLine();
            ostream.writeUTF(tosend);   // Send whatever the user typed to the server
            System.out.println(istream.readUTF());  // Finally read what the server sends before exiting.
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(CAPECHOClient.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        } finally {
            try {
                istream.close();
                ostream.close();
                server.close();
            } catch (IOException ex) {
                Logger.getLogger(CAPECHOClient.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
            }
        }
    }
}

現在更新伺服器

ostream.writeUTF("Welcome!");
            
String inString = istream.readUTF();    // Read what the user sent
String outString = inString.toUpperCase();  // Change it to caps
ostream.writeUTF(outString);
            
// Close the connection
istream.close();

現在執行伺服器和客戶端，你應該有一個類似於此的輸出

Welcome!
>