索引和檢索文件

Elasticsearch 通過 HTTP REST API 訪問，通常使用 cURL 庫。搜尋伺服器和客戶端（你或你的應用程式）之間的訊息以 JSON 字串的形式傳送。預設情況下，Elasticsearch 在埠 9200 上執行。

在下面的示例中，新增了 ?pretty 以告訴 Elasticsearch 美化 JSON 響應。在應用程式中使用這些端點時，無需新增此查詢引數。

索引文件

如果我們打算稍後更新索引中的資訊，最好為我們索引的文件分配唯一的 ID。要將文件新增到名為 megacorp 的索引中，使用型別 employee 和 ID 1 執行：

curl -XPUT "http://localhost:9200/megacorp/employee/1?pretty" -d'
{
    "first_name" : "John",
    "last_name" :  "Smith",
    "age" :        25,
    "about" :      "I love to go rock climbing",
    "interests": [ "sports", "music" ]
}' 

響應：

{
  "_index": "megacorp",
  "_type": "employee",
  "_id": "1",
  "_version": 1,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 2,
    "successful": 1,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "created": true
}

如果在傳送 PUT 呼叫時它不存在，則建立索引。

沒有 ID 的索引

POST /megacorp/employee?pretty
{
    "first_name" :  "Jane",
    "last_name" :   "Smith",
    "age" :         32,
    "about" :       "I like to collect rock albums",
    "interests":  [ "music" ]
}

響應：

{
  "_index": "megacorp",
  "_type": "employee",
  "_id": "AVYg2mBJYy9ijdngfeGa",
  "_version": 1,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 2,
    "successful": 2,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "created": true
}

檢索檔案

curl -XGET "http://localhost:9200/megacorp/employee/1?pretty"

響應：

{
  "_index": "megacorp",
  "_type": "employee",
  "_id": "1",
  "_version": 1,
  "found": true,
  "_source": {
    "first_name": "John",
    "last_name": "Smith",
    "age": 25,
    "about": "I love to go rock climbing",
    "interests": [
      "sports",
      "music"
    ]
  }
}

從 employee 中獲取 megacorp 索引中的 10 個文件：

curl -XGET "http://localhost:9200/megacorp/employee/_search?pretty"

響應：

{
  "took": 2,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 5,
    "successful": 5,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 2,
    "max_score": 1,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "megacorp",
        "_type": "employee",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "first_name": "John",
          "last_name": "Smith",
          "age": 25,
          "about": "I love to go rock climbing",
          "interests": [
            "sports",
            "music"
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "megacorp",
        "_type": "employee",
        "_id": "AVYg2mBJYy9ijdngfeGa",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "first_name": "Jane",
          "last_name": "Smith",
          "age": 32,
          "about": "I like to collect rock albums",
          "interests": [
            "music"
          ]
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

使用 match 查詢進行簡單搜尋，該查詢在提供的欄位中查詢完全匹配：

curl -XGET "http://localhost:9200/megacorp/employee/_search" -d'
{
    "query" : {
        "match" : {
            "last_name" : "Smith"
        }
    }
}'

響應：

{
  "took": 2,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 5,
    "successful": 5,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 1,
    "max_score": 0.6931472,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "megacorp",
        "_type": "employee",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 0.6931472,
        "_source": {
          "first_name": "John",
          "last_name": "Smith",
          "age": 25,
          "about": "I love to go rock climbing",
          "interests": [
            "sports",
            "music"
          ]
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}