定义工厂

如果你有一个带有名称和电子邮件属性的 ActiveRecord User 类，你可以通过使 FactoryGirl 猜测它来为它创建一个工厂：

FactoryGirl.define do
  factory :user do # it will guess the User class
    name     "John"
    email    "john@example.com"
  end
end

或者你可以明确甚至更改其名称：

FactoryGirl.define do
  factory :user_jack, class: User do
    name     "Jack"
    email    "jack@example.com"
  end
end

然后在你的规范中，你可以使用 FactoryGirl 的方法，如下所示：

# To create a non saved instance of the User class filled with John's data 
build(:user) 
# and to create a non saved instance of the User class filled with Jack's data
build(:user_jack)

最常见的方法是：

# Build returns a non saved instance
user = build(:user)

# Create returns a saved instance
user = create(:user)

# Attributes_for returns a hash of the attributes used to build an instance
attrs = attributes_for(:user)