设置类的所有属性的值

作为示例，我们要设置示例类的所有字符串属性

class TestClass {
    val readOnlyProperty: String
        get() = "Read only!"

    var readWriteString = "asd"
    var readWriteInt = 23

    var readWriteBackedStringProperty: String = ""
        get() = field + '5'
        set(value) { field = value + '5' }

    var readWriteBackedIntProperty: Int = 0
        get() = field + 1
        set(value) { field = value - 1 }

    var delegatedProperty: Int by TestDelegate()

    private var privateProperty = "This should be private"

    private class TestDelegate {
        private var backingField = 3

        operator fun getValue(thisRef: Any?, prop: KProperty<*>): Int {
            return backingField
        }

        operator fun setValue(thisRef: Any?, prop: KProperty<*>, value: Int) {
            backingField += value
        }
    }
}

获取可变属性建立在获取所有属性的基础上，按类型过滤可变属性。我们还需要检查可见性，因为读取私有属性会导致运行时异常。

val instance = TestClass()
TestClass::class.memberProperties
        .filter{ prop.visibility == KVisibility.PUBLIC }
        .filterIsInstance<KMutableProperty<*>>()
        .forEach { prop ->
            System.out.println("${prop.name} -> ${prop.get(instance)")
        }

要将所有 String 属性设置为 Our Value，我们还可以按返回类型进行过滤。由于 Kotlin 基于 Java VM，因此 Type Erasure 生效，因此返回 List<String> 等泛型类型的 Properties 将与 List<Any> 相同。可悲的是，反射不是一个金色的子弹，没有明智的方法来避免这种情况，所以你需要注意你的用例。

val instance = TestClass()
TestClass::class.memberProperties
        .filter{ prop.visibility == KVisibility.PUBLIC }
        // We only want strings
        .filter{ it.returnType.isSubtypeOf(String::class.starProjectedType) }
        .filterIsInstance<KMutableProperty<*>>()
        .forEach { prop ->
            // Instead of printing the property we set it to some value
            prop.setter.call(instance, "Our Value")
        }