过滤

filter() 用于表示只有与谓词匹配时才需要该值。

把它想象成 if (!somePredicate(x)) { x = null; }。

代码示例：

String value = null;
Optional.ofNullable(value) // nothing
        .filter(x -> x.equals("cool string"))// this is never run since value is null
        .isPresent(); // false

String value = "cool string";
Optional.ofNullable(value) // something
        .filter(x -> x.equals("cool string"))// this is run and passes
        .isPresent(); // true

String value = "hot string";
Optional.ofNullable(value) // something
        .filter(x -> x.equals("cool string"))// this is run and fails
        .isPresent(); // false