在自定义类型上覆盖 Equals 和 GetHashCode

对于类 Person 喜欢：

public class Person
{
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public int Age { get; set; }
    public string Clothes { get; set; }
}

var person1 = new Person { Name = "Jon", Age = 20, Clothes = "some clothes" };
var person2 = new Person { Name = "Jon", Age = 20, Clothes = "some other clothes" };

bool result = person1.Equals(person2); //false because it's reference Equals

但是将 Equals 和 GetHashCode 定义如下：

public class Person
{
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public int Age { get; set; }
    public string Clothes { get; set; }

    public override bool Equals(object obj)
    {
        var person = obj as Person;
        if(person == null) return false;
        return Name == person.Name && Age == person.Age; //the clothes are not important when comparing two persons
    }

    public override int GetHashCode()
    {
        return Name.GetHashCode()*Age;
    }
}

var person1 = new Person { Name = "Jon", Age = 20, Clothes = "some clothes" };
var person2 = new Person { Name = "Jon", Age = 20, Clothes = "some other clothes" };

bool result = person1.Equals(person2); // result is true

同时使用 LINQ 对人进行不同的查询将同时检查 Equals 和 GetHashCode：

var persons = new List<Person>
{
     new Person{ Name = "Jon", Age = 20, Clothes = "some clothes"},
     new Person{ Name = "Dave", Age = 20, Clothes = "some other clothes"},
     new Person{ Name = "Jon", Age = 20, Clothes = ""}
};

var distinctPersons = persons.Distinct().ToList();//distinctPersons has Count = 2