AsyncTask 串行执行和任务的并行执行
AsyncTask 是一个抽象类，不继承 Thread 类。它有一个抽象方法 doInBackground(Params... params)，它被重写以执行任务。这个方法是从 AsyncTask.call() 调用的。
执行人是 java.util.concurrent 包的一部分。
而且，AsyncTask 包含 2 个 Executors
THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR
它使用工作线程并行执行任务。
public static final Executor THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR = new ThreadPoolExecutor(CORE_POOL_SIZE, MAXIMUM_POOL_SIZE, KEEP_ALIVE, TimeUnit.SECONDS, sPoolWorkQueue, sThreadFactory);
SERIAL_EXECUTOR
它按顺序执行任务，即逐个执行。
private static class SerialExecutor implements Executor { }
两个 Executor 都是静态的，因此只存在一个 THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR 和一个 SerialExecutor 对象，但是你可以创建几个 AsyncTask 对象。
因此，如果你尝试使用默认的 Executor（SerialExecutor）执行多个后台任务，则这些任务将按顺序排队并执行。
如果你尝试使用 THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR 执行多个后台任务，那么它们将并行执行。
例：
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private Button bt;
private int CountTask = 0;
private static final String TAG = "AsyncTaskExample";
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
bt = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);
bt.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
BackgroundTask backgroundTask = new BackgroundTask ();
Integer data[] = { ++CountTask, null, null };
// Task Executed in thread pool ( 1 )
backgroundTask.executeOnExecutor(AsyncTask.THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR, data);
// Task executed Serially ( 2 )
// Uncomment the below code and comment the above code of Thread
// pool Executor and check
// backgroundTask.execute(data);
Log.d(TAG, "Task = " + (int) CountTask + " Task Queued");
}
});
}
private class BackgroundTask extends AsyncTask<Integer, Integer, Integer> {
int taskNumber;
@Override
protected Integer doInBackground(Integer... integers) {
taskNumber = integers[0];
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
Log.d(TAG, "Task = " + taskNumber + " Task Running in Background");
publishProgress(taskNumber);
return null;
}
@Override
protected void onPreExecute() {
super.onPreExecute();
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(Integer aLong) {
super.onPostExecute(aLong);
}
@Override
protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... values) {
super.onProgressUpdate(values);
Log.d(TAG, "Task = " + (int) values[0]
+ " Task Execution Completed");
}
}
}
多次执行单击按钮以启动任务并查看结果。
线程池中执行的任务（1）
每项任务需要 1000 毫秒才能完成。
在 t = 36s，任务 2,3 和 4 排队并开始执行，因为它们并行执行。
08-02 19:48:35.815: D/AsyncTaskExample(11693): Task = 1 Task Queued
08-02 19:48:35.815: D/AsyncTaskExample(11693): Task = 1 Task Running in Background
08-02 19:48:**36.025**: D/AsyncTaskExample(11693): Task = 2 Task Queued
08-02 19:48:**36.025**: D/AsyncTaskExample(11693): Task = 2 Task Running in Background
08-02 19:48:**36.165**: D/AsyncTaskExample(11693): Task = 3 Task Queued
08-02 19:48:**36.165**: D/AsyncTaskExample(11693): Task = 3 Task Running in Background
08-02 19:48:**36.325**: D/AsyncTaskExample(11693): Task = 4 Task Queued
08-02 19:48:**36.325**: D/AsyncTaskExample(11693): Task = 4 Task Running in Background
08-02 19:48:**36.815**: D/AsyncTaskExample(11693): Task = 1 Task Execution Completed
08-02 19:48:**36.915**: D/AsyncTaskExample(11693): Task = 5 Task Queued
08-02 19:48:**36.915**: D/AsyncTaskExample(11693): Task = 5 Task Running in Background
08-02 19:48:37.025: D/AsyncTaskExample(11693): Task = 2 Task Execution Completed
08-02 19:48:37.165: D/AsyncTaskExample(11693): Task = 3 Task Execution Completed```
评论 `Task Executed in thread pool`（1）并取消注释 `Task executed Serially`（2）。
多次执行单击按钮以启动任务并查看结果。
它正在连续执行任务，因此在当前任务完成执行后启动每个任务。因此，当任务 1 的执行完成时，只有任务 2 开始在后台运行。反之亦然。
``` placeholder
08-02 19:42:57.505: D/`AsyncTaskExample(10299)`: Task = 1 Task Queued
08-02 19:42:57.505: D/`AsyncTaskExample(10299)`: Task = 1 Task Running in Background
08-02 19:42:57.675: D/`AsyncTaskExample(10299)`: Task = 2 Task Queued
08-02 19:42:57.835: D/`AsyncTaskExample(10299)`: Task = 3 Task Queued
08-02 19:42:58.005: D/`AsyncTaskExample(10299)`: Task = 4 Task Queued
08-02 19:42:58.155: D/`AsyncTaskExample(10299)`: Task = 5 Task Queued
08-02 19:42:58.505: D/`AsyncTaskExample(10299)`: Task = 1 Task Execution Completed
08-02 19:42:58.505: D/`AsyncTaskExample(10299)`: Task = 2 Task Running in Background
08-02 19:42:58.755: D/`AsyncTaskExample(10299)`: Task = 6 Task Queued
08-02 19:42:59.295: D/`AsyncTaskExample(10299)`: Task = 7 Task Queued
08-02 19:42:59.505: D/`AsyncTaskExample(10299)`: Task = 2 Task Execution Completed
08-02 19:42:59.505: D/`AsyncTaskExample(10299)`: Task = 3 Task Running in Background
08-02 19:43:00.035: D/`AsyncTaskExample(10299)`: Task = 8 Task Queued
08-02 19:43:00.505: D/`AsyncTaskExample(10299)`: Task = 3 Task Execution Completed
08-02 19:43:**00.505**: D/`AsyncTaskExample(10299)`: Task = 4 Task Running in Background
08-02 19:43:**01.505**: D/`AsyncTaskExample(10299)`: Task = 4 Task Execution Completed
08-02 19:43:**01.515**: D/`AsyncTaskExample(10299)`: Task = 5 Task Running in Background
08-02 19:43:**02.515**: D/`AsyncTaskExample(10299)`: Task = 5 Task Execution Completed
08-02 19:43:**02.515**: D/`AsyncTaskExample(10299)`: Task = 6 Task Running in Background
08-02 19:43:**03.515**: D/`AsyncTaskExample(10299)`: Task = 7 Task Running in Background
08-02 19:43:**03.515**: D/`AsyncTaskExample(10299)`: Task = 6 Task Execution Completed
08-02 19:43:04.515: D/`AsyncTaskExample(10299)`: Task = 8 Task Running in Background
08-02 19:43:**04.515**: D/`AsyncTaskExample(10299)`: Task = 7 Task Execution Completed