來自內建常量的向量字母月份名稱的序列

R 有許多內建常量。可以使用以下常量:

  • LETTERS:羅馬字母的 26 個大寫字母
  • letters:羅馬字母的 26 個小寫字母
  • month.abb:英文月份名稱的三個字母縮寫
  • month.name:一年中的幾個月的英文名稱
  • pi:圓周長與直徑的比值

從字母和月份常量,可以建立向量。

1) 字母序列:

> letters
[1] "a" "b" "c" "d" "e" "f" "g" "h" "i" "j" "k" "l" "m" "n" "o" "p" "q" "r" "s" "t" "u" "v" "w" "x" "y" "z"

> LETTERS[7:9]
[1] "G" "H" "I"

> letters[c(1,5,3,2,4)]
[1] "a" "e" "c" "b" "d"

2) 月份縮寫或月份名稱的序列:

> month.abb
 [1] "Jan" "Feb" "Mar" "Apr" "May" "Jun" "Jul" "Aug" "Sep" "Oct" "Nov" "Dec"

> month.name[1:4]
[1] "January"  "February" "March"    "April"   

> month.abb[c(3,6,9,12)]
[1] "Mar" "Jun" "Sep" "Dec"