定义带函数和返回函数的函数

一个简单的例子：

CL-USER> (defun make-apply-twice (fun)
           "return a new function that applies twice the function`fun' to its argument"
           (lambda (x)
             (funcall fun (funcall fun x))))
MAKE-APPLY-TWICE
CL-USER> (funcall (make-apply-twice #'1+) 3)
5
CL-USER> (let ((pow4 (make-apply-twice (lambda (x) (* x x)))))
           (funcall pow4 3))
81

典型的例子的功能组合物 ：（ ˚F ∘ 克 ∘ H ）（ X ）= ˚F （ 克 （ H （ X ））：

CL-USER> (defun compose (&rest funs)
           "return a new function obtained by the functional compositions of the parameters"
           (if (null funs) 
               #'identity
               (let ((rest-funs (apply #'compose (rest funs))))
                 (lambda (x) (funcall (first funs) (funcall rest-funs x))))))
COMPOSE
CL-USER> (defun square (x) (* x x))
SQUARE
CL-USER> (funcall (compose #'square #'1+ #'square) 3)
100  ;; => equivalent to (square (1+ (square 3)))